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A labor leader, born in 1886 near Kishinev in the Ukraine. Following the Kishinev pogroms of 1903, she immigrated with her family to the United States. In 1909, she was the driving force behind the “Uprising of the 20,000” shirtwaist workers in New York, which ended with a victory by the strikers. She later turned her attentions to the women’s suffrage movement and continued to be active in public life.