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State-sanctioned antisemitism never existed in North America. But in the 1920s and 1930s, isolationist trends called nativism, which also included antisemitic motifs, spread in American society. They were reflected in restrictions on immigration, quotas on the number of Jewish students at leading universities (“numerus clausus”), and in the exclusion of Jews from membership in elite clubs. In response, Jews established their own clubs and sued those who discriminated against them and circulated antisemitic propaganda.
